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<meta name="description" content="1.简介1.1 PXC 简介  PXC 是一套 MySQL 高可用集群解决方案，与传统的基于主从复制模式的集群架构相比 PXC 最        突出特点就是解决了诟病已久的数据复制延迟问题，基本上可以达到实时同步。而且节点与节点之间，他们相互的关系是对等的。PXC 最关注的是数据的一致性，对待事物的行为时，要么在所有节点上执行，要么都不执行，它的实现机制决定了它对待一致性的行为非常严格，这也能非">
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          <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">mysq集群PXC模式搭建-Linux</h1>
        

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        <h1 id="1-简介"><a href="#1-简介" class="headerlink" title="1.简介"></a>1.简介</h1><h3 id="1-1-PXC-简介"><a href="#1-1-PXC-简介" class="headerlink" title="1.1 PXC 简介"></a>1.1 PXC 简介</h3><blockquote>
<p> PXC 是一套 MySQL 高可用集群解决方案，与传统的基于主从复制模式的集群架构相比 PXC 最        突出特点就是解决了诟病已久的数据复制延迟问题，基本上可以达到实时同步。而且节点与节点之间，他们相互的关系是对等的。PXC 最关注的是数据的一致性，对待事物的行为时，要么在所有节点上执行，要么都不执行，它的实现机制决定了它对待一致性的行为非常严格，这也能非常完美的保证 MySQL 集群的数据一致性；</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="1-2-PXC特性和优点"><a href="#1-2-PXC特性和优点" class="headerlink" title="1.2 PXC特性和优点"></a>1.2 PXC特性和优点</h3><a id="more"></a>
<ul>
<li>完全兼容 MySQL。</li>
<li>同步复制，事务要么在所有节点提交或不提交。</li>
<li>多主复制，可以在任意节点进行写操作。</li>
<li>在从服务器上并行应用事件，真正意义上的并行复制。</li>
<li>节点自动配置，数据一致性，不再是异步复制。</li>
<li>故障切换：因为支持多点写入，所以在出现数据库故障时可以很容易的进行故障切换。</li>
<li>自动节点克隆：在新增节点或停机维护时，增量数据或基础数据不需要人工手动备份提供，galera cluster会自* 动拉取在线节点数据，集群最终会变为一致；<blockquote>
<p><strong>PXC最大的优势：强一致性、无同步延迟</strong></p>
</blockquote>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="1-3-PXC的局限和劣势"><a href="#1-3-PXC的局限和劣势" class="headerlink" title="1.3 PXC的局限和劣势"></a>1.3 PXC的局限和劣势</h3><ul>
<li>复制只支持InnoDB 引擎，其他存储引擎的更改不复制</li>
<li>写入效率取决于节点中最慢的一台<br>#2.安装<blockquote>
<p>percona-release setup pxc57<br>###2.1安装yum源<br><code>yum install https://repo.percona.com/yum/percona-release-latest.noarch.rpm</code><br>###2.2安装pxc</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">yum install Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-57</span><br><span class="line">-- 如果下载不下来 可以直接从管网下载</span><br><span class="line">-- https:&#x2F;&#x2F;www.percona.com&#x2F;downloads&#x2F;Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-57&#x2F;LATEST&#x2F;</span><br><span class="line">-- Percona-XtraDB-Cluster-server-57-5.7.28-31.41.2.el7.x86_64.rpm</span><br><span class="line">下载后本地直接安装</span><br><span class="line">yum localinstall ****.rpm</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="3-配置集群"><a href="#3-配置集群" class="headerlink" title="3 配置集群"></a>3 配置集群</h1><blockquote>
<p>注：以下用到的节点均为hostName(需要配置hosts文件)，当然也可以直接写节点的ip<br>参考环境配置：<a href="https://www.jianshu.com/p/519cfe52d270" target="_blank" rel="noopener">centos常用集群搭建配置参考</a><br>###3.1 修改pxc配置文件</p>
</blockquote>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">vi &#x2F;etc&#x2F;percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d&#x2F;wsrep.cnf</span><br><span class="line">-- </span><br><span class="line">-- 重点修改wsrep_node_name&#x3D;node08，wsrep_node_address&#x3D;node09,确保每台机器不同</span><br><span class="line">-- 修改集群节点的配置</span><br><span class="line">wsrep_cluster_address&#x3D;gcomm:&#x2F;&#x2F;node08,node09,node10  </span><br><span class="line">-- 当前节点名称</span><br><span class="line">wsrep_node_name&#x3D;node08</span><br><span class="line">-- 当前节点地址 -- add</span><br><span class="line">wsrep_node_address&#x3D;node08</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>###3.2 修改mysql配置</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">vi &#x2F;etc&#x2F;percona-xtradb-cluster.conf.d&#x2F;mysqld.cnf</span><br><span class="line">-- 重点修改server-id，确保每台机器不同</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>###3.3 删除原有/etc/my.cnf 将以下配置写入my.cnf 节点信息对应修改</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">[client]                                                                                                                                                                  </span><br><span class="line">socket&#x3D;&#x2F;var&#x2F;lib&#x2F;mysql&#x2F;mysql.sock                                                                                                                                          </span><br><span class="line">                                                                                                                                                                          </span><br><span class="line">[mysqld]                                                                                                                                                                  </span><br><span class="line">wsrep_provider&#x3D;&#x2F;usr&#x2F;lib64&#x2F;galera3&#x2F;libgalera_smm.so                                                                                                                        </span><br><span class="line">                                                                                                                                                                          </span><br><span class="line">wsrep_cluster_name&#x3D;pxc-cluster                                                                                                                                            </span><br><span class="line">wsrep_cluster_address&#x3D;gcomm:&#x2F;&#x2F;node08,node09,node10    #集群三个节点的ip                                                                                                                    </span><br><span class="line">                                                                                                                                                                          </span><br><span class="line">wsrep_node_name&#x3D;node10              #当前节点的名称                                                                                                                                      </span><br><span class="line">wsrep_node_address&#x3D;node10          #当前节点的Ip                                                                                                                                        </span><br><span class="line">                                                                                                                                                                          </span><br><span class="line">wsrep_sst_method&#x3D;xtrabackup-v2                                                                                                                                            </span><br><span class="line">wsrep_sst_auth&#x3D;sstuser:passw0rd  #sst同步的用户和密码                                                                                                                                         </span><br><span class="line">                                                                                                                                                                          </span><br><span class="line">pxc_strict_mode&#x3D;ENFORCING                                                                                                                                                 </span><br><span class="line">                                                                                                                                                                          </span><br><span class="line">binlog_format&#x3D;ROW                                                                                                                                                         </span><br><span class="line">default_storage_engine&#x3D;InnoDB                                                                                                                                             </span><br><span class="line">innodb_autoinc_lock_mode&#x3D;2</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>#4.启动集群</p>
<h3 id="4-1-启动前的配置"><a href="#4-1-启动前的配置" class="headerlink" title="4.1 启动前的配置"></a>4.1 启动前的配置</h3><blockquote>
<p>pxc本身相当于对mysql的一次高度修改和包装，所以本身也可以作为一个mysql服务端来启动</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>先单独在一个节点以普通mysql启动方式启动一个mysql服务： <code>service mysqld start</code><ul>
<li>登陆mysql进行用户设置</li>
<li>启动成功后查询mysql的临时密码：<code>cat /var/log/mysqld.log | grep &quot;A temporary password&quot;</code></li>
<li>用临时密码以命令行形式登陆mysql进行如下配置<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mysql -u root -p</span><br><span class="line">-- 修改root密码</span><br><span class="line">alter user &#39;root&#39;@&#39;localhost&#39; identified with mysql_native_password by &#39;root&#39;;</span><br><span class="line">-- 设置远程登录</span><br><span class="line">use mysql;</span><br><span class="line">update user set host&#x3D;&#39;%&#39; where user &#x3D; &#39;root&#39;;</span><br><span class="line">-- 创建SST用户 这个就是上文3.3中对应的 &#96;wsrep_sst_auth&#96;用户，用于做节点间同步的用户</span><br><span class="line">create user &#39;sstuser&#39;@&#39;%&#39; identified by &#39;passw0rd&#39;;</span><br><span class="line">grant reload, lock tables, process, replication client on *.* to &#39;sstuser&#39;@&#39;%&#39;;</span><br><span class="line">flush privileges;</span><br><span class="line">-- 修改好配置后停止这个MySQL服务</span><br><span class="line">service mysqld stop</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="4-2-启动主-引导-节点"><a href="#4-2-启动主-引导-节点" class="headerlink" title="4.2 启动主(引导)节点"></a>4.2 启动主(引导)节点</h3><blockquote>
<p><strong><em>注意：这个引导节点主要用于初始化集群，并不是字面上的主节点，pxc理论上不分主从</em></strong></p>
</blockquote>
<p>主(引导)节点启动命令：<code>systemctl start mysql@bootstrap.service</code></p>
<h3 id="4-3-集群其他节点启动"><a href="#4-3-集群其他节点启动" class="headerlink" title="4.3 集群其他节点启动"></a>4.3 集群其他节点启动</h3><p> 命令：<code>systemctl start mysql.service</code>  当做普通mysql服务启动就可以</p>
<p>#5.集群状态查看<br>从任意一个节点上登陆mysql<br><code>mysql -uroot -p</code><br>查询集群状态语句：<code>show status like &#39;wsrep%&#39;;</code><br>可以看到集群的节点数量：<code>wsrep_cluster_size               | 3</code></p>

      
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